Write a 500 word essay based on the issue of ways in which the - 1

Write a 500 word based on the issue of ways in which the internet has changed political interactions globally(arab spring) - Essay Example University students used Facebook to urge their colleagues to rise against the government. This passing of information could not have happened in the past few years. The invention of voice over internet protocol (VoIP) allowed calls to be done on the internet. Sentiments and anger were expressed through the internet. Personal posts on social media like Facebook and Tweeter had a profound effect on society. Emails were also sent to people constantly. Through the use of smart phones, emails were forwarded within the warring society. Emails allow people to get access to detail information unlike the short message services on the normal cell phones Through the Skype, people made calls to their relatives and asked for ideas and information concerning the uprising. In some countries, journalists were updated through the use of Skype because it was too dangerous to be on the ground. People were interviewed by media houses though this Skype feature. This exposed to the rest of the world what the situation was like on the ground. Videos of the excessive use of force by the government troops were posted on youtube.com website. This was done by suffering citizens from their hideouts. Most of these images were captured by the use of cell phone camera and video recorders. People standing on the balconies of their house or peeping through the widows were able to capture some of the atrocities propagated by these dictatorial regimes. It is hard to imagine what would happen if the internet was none existent. In particular, the use of cell phone with 3G internet features allowed people to access any part of the world even when there were state imposed curfews. The social media carried more information than the mainstream media. Many journalists followed tweets to get information on the latest events. Many people fail to classify cell phones and part of internet phenomenon. Some cell phones act as hotspots where they receive and send data and information as long

Article Review for Research Class Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Article Review for Class - Research Paper Example The demographic collection of data was done in the two metropolitan cities of china. The samples were different from one another in terms of age and genders of adolescents. The first sample for the method of study included 110 female students from junior high school, out of which 96, 52 and 52 were from grade one, two and three respectively. The first sample was conducted in the Guangzhou city only. The second sample included 114 females and males students from high school out of which 53 were males and 61 were females. The third sample was based upon 270 late adolescents. In this sample 170 students were male while 100 were female students. The third sample included students from the University of Zhejiang. Along with these three samples of male and female students, the researchers conducted the research with the help of a questionnaire that was designed to evaluate the relationship of students with their fathers and mothers. The questionnaire also evaluated the relationships of ado lescents with peers. The questionnaire that was conducted for the research was Inventory of parent and peer attachment that was designed as a self-report (Song, Thompson, & Ferrer, 2009). After the analysis of the qualitative research, it is visible that the design of method greatly supported the main objective of the research that was to analyze the relation between attachment and self-evaluation. The relation had been used in the study to juxtapose the age and gender differences among the adolescents. The method of analysis procedure included the closer evaluation study of age difference in terms of attachment, age differences in terms of self-evaluation, the nature of relationships in terms of the constructs, gender differences in terms of self-evaluation and attachment and most importantly test of variance and factors that loaded variance and covariance

Stalin vs Trotsky

Stalin vs Trotsky The weaknesses and failures of Stalins opponents were not the main reason why Stalin rose to power over Trotsky. However, it did slightly affect the outcome of the power struggle. In some historians point of view, such as E.H Carr and I. Deutscher, they hold the conviction that Trotsky had no talent for leadership among equals.  [1]  On the similar side of the debate, G. Hosking, a Scottish historian, described Stalins opponents to be rather incautious. They were content to leave him to assemble and classify the personnel files, not yet realizing what power were accumulating therein.  [2]  However, I do not totally agree with these historians because Stalins personality is dangerously strong since no one could have possibly stopped him. Deutscher who agreed with this point of view wrote, It seemed to Trotsky almost a bad joke that Stalin, the willful and sly but shabby and inarticulate man in the background, should be his rival.  [3]  Deutschers work could be interpreted in two ways. He could be saying that Trotsky was foolish enough to not target Stalin as his rival but in a more logical sense, it should be interpreted as Stalins sly personality that made Trotsky not able to his is true intentions. Trotsky was not weak since he commanded the Red Army and Lenin disagreed with the historians point of view because in 1924, Trotsky was recommended and claimed the most capable man in the present Communist Party. In Lenins Testament, he wrote, Comrade Trotsky, on the other hand is distinguished not only by his outstanding ability. He is personally perhaps the most capable man in the present Central Committee.  [4]  The evidences state that Trotsky was a great intellectual and he was one of the best orators in the Soviet Union and he was able to work crowds to bring them around his point of view. His position as Commissar for War also gave him a strong base in the Politburo. E.H. Carr wrote, He (Trotsky) could not establish his authority among colleagues by the modest arts of persuasion or by sympathetic attention to the views of men of lesser intellectual caliber than himself.  [5]  This analysis is accurate because in the 1900s, most families were from the working class or t hey were peasants whom were mostly illiterate. Trotsky had a great advantage because as commander of the Red Army, he was in a strong position to crush his opposition. However, Trotsky did show some weaknesses and his arrogant manner convinced the Politburo members fears. In Lenins view, He has displayed excessive self-assurance.  [6]  Trotsky had also openly disagreed with Lenin on policies at times and Trotsky bombarded Lenin with long memoranda, explaining why so much was wrong in Soviet Russia and how to correct it.  [7]  His acts did not give Lenin a good impression since he was questioning the decisions themselves. By fate, Trotsky was a former Menshevik and he had a Jewish origin which halted his progressive promotions in the party. The Bolshevik Party was heavily founded on heavy bureaucracy and Trotsky was dull enough to criticize the party for becoming too bureaucratic and less democratic.  [8]  His attack on bureaucratization was a contradiction with the nature of the Bolshevik Party. On the other side, Rob ert Conquest wrote Trotsky had no clear political tactics and E.H Carr added, He had made major mistakes that affected the outcome of the power struggle.  [9]  Both of these points are very logical and clear because in 1925, to reassure his innocence, he relinquished his position as Commissar for Military Affairs. Trotsky could fire masses of men to acclaim and follow him but historian Chris Corin wrote, He had no intention of becoming a dictator and had always been aware of the tendency for a power struggle after the revolution.  [10]  History has shown that Trotsky had not attempted to use the Red Army to secure his position. But Deutscher argued, The truth is that Trotsky refrained from attacking Stalin because he felt secure.  [11]  Nevertheless, Trotsky had major flaws in his attitude, argument and his political tactics since he was determined that he would be Lenins successor. Trotsky should have voiced over the debate on censoring the Lenins Testament to prove his innocence. However, we can see that Stalins political skills are overwhelmingly important in the struggle for power. Stalins strategies were powerful and his opponents had no clear thoughts before they acted. The party members were all focusing on defeating Trotsky because he was a commander of the Red Army.  [12]  The Politburo leaders were very incautious because if they had noticed Stalins moves on setting up loyalists in the Central Committee, they would be in an alliance with Trotsky. With the same point of view, G. Hosking said, Most of them, being well read in the history of past revolutions, were obsessed by a very different danger: that of finding the revolutions hijacked by another Bonaparte.  [13]  What G. Hosking said is very true; they have never seen anything like Stalins Administrative Approach in history therefore the significance of Stalins tactics consumed most of the reasons to his uprising. Stalins opponents took the wrong move in the event of Lenins testament. Lenin wrote a testament in December 1922 called Letter to Party Congress and presented to congress in 1924. Lenin wrote, Comrade Stalin has enormous power. I am not sure that he always knows how to exercise that power with sufficient caution.  [14]  In this situation, we can see the weaknesses of his opponents that led to Trotskys downfall. This, Testament was censored because Stalins opponents Zinoviev, Kamenev and the others were criticized and they were afraid that Trotsky would soon become the leader. Lenins testament recognized Trotsky as the most capable man. Lenin wrote, He is personally perhaps the most capable man in the present C. C. Stalins opponents did not listen to the advice of Lenin because if they did, Stalin would have lost his General Secretary position. Lenin wrote, Stalin is too rude, and this faultà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦becomes unacceptable in the office of General Secretary. Therefore, I propose to the comrades that a way be found to remove Stalin from that post an d replace him with someone else.  [15]  If the letter was to be uncensored by the Politburo members, Stalin would have a harder time succeeding Lenins role over Trotsky. Conclusion After having examined the true factors that led to Trotsky not being able to become the sole leader of Soviet Russia since he was the favorite Candidate, this investigation came to the conclusion that Stalins political skill and ruthlessness was the most important cause of Trotskys downfall because his weaknesses were only limited to his complacency and party views. When Stalin took control of the General Secretary position, it was nearly impossible to stop him from becoming the sole leader of Soviet Russia. Through Stalins administrative approach, he had won his perceived survival game. Trotskys weaknesses were circumstances that existed as a benefit to Stalin but it was ultimately his cunning personality that allowed him to take full advantage of them. It is, evident that the use of Stalins own skills played a major role in the events in Soviet Russia from 1924-1929. Therefore in history, we see that Stalin is ruthless and skilled in his journey for power.

Diabetes Mellitus Essay -- Health Diseases Diabetes Essays medical

Diabetes Mellitus Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death listed in the United States. Diabetes is the leading cause of blindness. â€Å"In 1996 diabetes contributed to more than 162,000 deaths†(Lewis 1367).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Diabetes mellitus is not a single disease but a group of disorders with glucose intolerance in common† (McCance 674). Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia (increased blood sugar) and results from defective insulin production, secretion, and utilization. There are many forms of diabetes. â€Å"Diabetes increases the risk of heart and blood vessel disease, amputation, infections, kidney damage, eye problems (including blindness), and nerve malfunction† (Husain). I will briefly define the different forms of diabetes and then I will discuss diabetes mellitus in general. 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) or type 1 is when the pancreas will produce little or no insulin, therefore requiring injections of insulin to control diabetes and prevent ketoacidosis. All patients with this type of diabetes need insulin to survive (Deakins 34). Five to ten percent of all diabetic patients have IDDM. Usual presentation is rapid with classical symptoms of polydipsia (increased thirst), polyphagia (increased hunger), polyuria (increased urination), and weight loss. IDDM is most commonly seen in patients under thirty, but can be seen in older adults. 2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or type 2 is caused by a defect in insulin manufacture and release from the beta cell or insulin resistance in the peripheral tissues. Approximately ninety percent of diabetic patients have NIDDM. Genetics play a big role in the etiology of NIDDM and is often associated with obesity. Usually presentation is slow and often insidious with symptoms of fatigue, weight gain, poor wound healing, and recurrent infection. Primarily occurs in adults over thirty. 3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance, which occurs during pregnancy. Occurs in approximately three percent of pregnancies, and usually disappears after pregnancy. Women with GDM are at higher risk for having diabetes in the future. GDM is associated with increased risk of morbidity. Women should be screened for GDM between the 24th and the 28th weeks of gestation. 4.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Diabetic ketoacidosis is a serious... ...ur to six hours to reach the bloodstream, but stays in the bloodstream for about thirty-six hours. It peaks about fourteen to twenty-four hours after injection. Diabetes affects the entire body. It slowly deteriorates every one of the body’s organs. You can live a long and prosperous life as a well-controlled diabetic, but a short and miserable life if noncompliant. Works Cited Deakins, Dee A. Oral Hypoglycemics. Nursing 92; The World’s Largest Nursing Journal Nov. 1992: 34-39. Doenges, Marilynn E. Nursing Care Plans; Guidelines for Planning Patient Care. Philadelphia: F.A. Davis Company, 1989. Drass, Janice. Insulin Injections. Nursing 92; The World’s Largest Nursing Journal Nov. 1992:40-43. Harkreader, Helen. Fundamentals of Nursing; Caring and Clinical Judgment. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders Company, 2000. Husain, Rahat. The Diabetes Information Page. Undated. http://www.geocities.com/Athens/Forum/5769/diabete.html. Lewis, Sharon Mantik. Medical Surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problems. St. Louis: Mosby, 2000. McCance, Kathryn L. Pathophysiology; The Biologic Basis for Disease in Adults and Children. St. Louis: Mosby, 1994.

Is Social Media Helping Bullying to Get Worse Than Ever? Essay

We can find many types of aggression in the society in which we live in. Bullying is one. Not only exists physical bullying but also emotional, verbal and even cyber-bullying. According to the website www.stopbullying.org, â€Å"Bullying is unwanted, aggressive behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived power imbalance†1. Nowadays, many people do not know that social media exposes children to these aggressions. Bullying does not only happen in real world. It can also arise in the virtual world where many children and adolescents spend a lot of time. Although it was not known by this name, bullying is not a new phenomenon. Today, Social networks are helping to its expansion. Although social media is blameless, through it bullying can reach everyone. The use of social networks ricochets and magnifies bullying because, as the website â€Å"Stop Bullying† argues, cyberbullied children have a harder time getting away from the aggressors. Likewise, this type of aggression â€Å"can happen 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, and reach children even when they are alone†2. As said before, the problem is the inappropriate use of social media. While social networks can be used for positive activities, such as finding friends and chatting with them, looking for and sharing information, many children and adolescents use them to harm others. Numerous people think that social networks are harmless for children only chat with their friends and share information. However, this is false. Through social media, they are really exposed to cruelty and they can easily become cyberbullies themselves. A research done by â€Å"internetsafety101.org† pointed out that in 2011, one million children were harassed, threatened or subjected to other forms of cyberbullying via Facebook3. Social media exposes many children and adolescents to cyberbullying, even after school hours. Cyberbullying can  Ã¢â‚¬Å"take place using electronic technology such as computers, cell phones, communication tools including social media sites, text messages, chat and websites†4. According to the article quoted before, Stop Bullying, â€Å"examples of cyberbullying include mean text messages or emails, rumors sent by email or posted on social networking sites, and embarrassing pictures, videos, websites, or fake profiles†5. Children and adolescents are very cruel and see humiliation as a means of entertainment. Differently from physical bullying, cyberbullying messages and images can be posted anonymously and can reach a massive audience almost immediately. Thus, social networks are advantageous for bullies. Due to anonymity, they can be hurtful without being caught and even crueler than in face-to-face situations. As the website www.dosometing.org claims, â€Å"81% of young people think bullying online is easier to get away with than bullying in person†6. According to the National Crime Prevention Council (NCPC), â€Å"victims of cyberbullying may experience many of the same effects as children who are bullied in person†. However, cyberbullying may seem more dangerous to its victims on account of several aspects7. NCPC argues that through cyberbullying, children are a target for bullies at home, the safest place for them. Besides, this type of bullying seems to be severer than in person, being far reaching, anonymous and inescapable. All these factors make cyberbullying an increasingly complicated issue that needs greater attention. So, does social media make bullying go far beyond the limits? The answer is: YES! Social networks are a huge and complex world that need guidance and considerable concern from adults. This virtual new world exposes children and adolescents to malice, without people’s awareness of the dangers of that exposure. References: Enough is Enough SM. â€Å"Cyberbullying Statistics†. Internetsafety101.org. 12 June 2014. Do Something. â€Å"11 Facts about Cyber Bullying†. Dosomething.org. 12 June 2014. National Crime Prevention Council. â€Å"What is Cyberbullying?† NCPC.org. 12 June 2014. U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. â€Å"Cyberbullying†. Stopbullying.gov. Federal government. 12 June 2014. http://www.stopbullying.gov/cyberbullying/index.html > U.S. Department of Health & Human Services. â€Å"What is Bullying?† Stopbullying.gov. Federal government. 12 June 2014. Argumentative Essay Rubric

Role of Social Media on Activism and Revolution

Janessa Suarez Prof. Mooney ENC 1102 1 February 2013 Role of Social Media in Activism and Revolution According to Jeffrey Strain, â€Å"Can a click make a difference in the world? By itself, probably not, but when combined with tens and even hundreds of thousands of other clicks, it may just have an impact†. Social networks such as Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube have changed the way people interact all across the globe. We depend on these social networks to seek information and communicate with one another.With these social networks, people from all across the world are able to find out about any ongoing events or incidents by just a click of a button. Individuals can use these social networks to increase awareness of events and get their information across to friends, family and even strangers. Even though people believe we depend too much on the Internet, social media should be used because it benefits us and those around us. For starters, social media, such as YouTube, chan ges public awareness. It gives people a chance to view tragedies and help make a difference to those who have been affected by them.For example, there is a video called â€Å"Bully†, which is a documentary about kids all over the world who are bullied today. It’s a form of activism because through this video, which can be found on YouTube, people from all over the world can become aware of this problem and help change their and others’ behavior. As Monika Hathaway says, â€Å"The fundamental problem and benefit is that the Internet gives everyone a voice, regardless of whether or not we think it should be heard†. Watching videos can be more effective than words because as humans we grasp visual imagery better than we do words.For an audience, it’s more powerful and influential to view a shameful situation, such as bullying, rather than just hearing or reading about it. Another way social media has played an immense role in activism today is by expa nding word of mouth communication. Ben Rattray, the founder of Change. org said, â€Å"If the Internet didn’t exist, Barack Obama would not be president of the United States†. Why does he say this? Because without the Internet, Obama would not have been able to gather thousands of people to work together for change.Through Twitter and Facebook Obama was able to expose his campaign to millions of people and attract a greater number of voters. Using social media, news reporters, writers, and even your family and friends are able to write their opinions or fill you in on what may you have missed or didn’t notice about events such as the presidential debates. Social media also increases word of mouth communication because it gives others who may not know about a business or even a restaurant a chance to review information and feedback. For example, Facebook is key in communicating with clients.It gives them the opportunity to â€Å"Like† a page, â€Å"Shareà ¢â‚¬  a page, or even recommend a page to other people. Twitter can be used to sponsor deals and events and give advice to other business owners or people who share common interest. It brings great minds together and gives daily opportunities to learn from someone else’s perspective. (English, How Do You Increase Word of Mouth) Lastly, as mentioned in Rutledge’s, Four Ways Social Media is Redefining Activism, social media networks cross technologies (which means with the help of other types of technology people can exchange information) and have immediate impact that gives information urgency.Because of this, social media benefits different organizations such as Breast Cancer Awareness, Hand in Hand for Haiti, and Support our Troops. With the crossing of technologies it encourages people to take immediate action for things like fundraising, helping groups raise donations. Utilizing social media can spread the word and drive people to help. Overall, not only can indivi duals with the same interest and passion share and connect, but they can also partake in causes that can support and help one another.We are closely brought together through this electric technology, encountering people who we’d never really thought about having any interaction with. As Allison Fine, the co-author of The Networked Nonprofit says, â€Å"In every effective social change effort that you want to look at there is an inner-core of tightly bound people†. Social media not only gives us a voice but it gives us the opportunity to show others what we are capable of accomplishing and what we can do to make a difference in the world. Works Cited Hathaway, Monika. â€Å"The Role of Social Media in Activism. † Sterling Communications.Sterlingpr. com, 25 Oct. 2011. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. â€Å"How Do You Increase Word of Mouth? † 5 Star Radio Group Clarksville TN Marketing and Advertising RSS. N. p. , n. d. Web. 01 Feb. 2013. Kessler, Sarah. â€Å"Mashable. † Mashable. Mashable, 9 Oct. 2010. Web. 17 Feb. 2013. â€Å"Mashable. † Mashable. N. p. , n. d. Web. 01 Feb. 2013. Rutledge, Pamela B. â€Å"Four Ways Social Media Is Redefining Activism. † Psychology Today. Positively Media, 6 Oct. 2010. Web. 1 Feb. 2013. Strain, Jeffrey. â€Å"A Different Type of Activism. † Technorati Social Media. Technorati. com, 2 May 2012. Web. 17 Feb. 2013.

Major Developments in China Since 1976 essays

Major Developments in China Since 1976 essays The year 1976 was a watershed year for the development of China. Three of the most senior officials of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) - Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and Mao Zedong - died in that year. The year was also marked by mass demonstrations and criticism of the Maoist regime. When Deng Xiaoping attained power in 1978 he created a new atmosphere of political and economic promise, which in many ways sharply contradicted governmental and political proceedings of the previous two decades. One of the most significant changes implemented by Xiaoping was on the economic front, which included a series of far-reaching economic reforms.. Yet, the most essential change in China since 1976 has been the decisive move away from the Maoist emphasis and focus on the class and political struggle to a There are many reasons for the reforms in China. The fact that the previous communist reforms were not capable of sustaining and creating economic growth in the country is one of the reasons for the reforms. Other very cogent reasons are that China needed to join the international community for economic and developmental reasons; and because China had for many years come under pressure, particularly in terms of its social traditions, to conform to international standards. The demand for modernization is an important aspect that contributed to China's reform and this was increased by Western influences. China eventually had to face the reality that political strategies alone could not increase productivity. This issue came to a head in the 1970's and resulted in the "Four Mobilizations" program, which was intended to reform and energize the Chinese economy. These mobilizations or areas of focus were agriculture, industry, science and technology and the military. The important aspect that underl...

Funding Your First Novel Using Kickstarter

Funding Your First Novel Using Kickstarter In November 2011, I participated in NaNoWriMo (National Novel WritingMonth) for the first time. Ten months later, Couple Friends was published thanks to my successful Kickstarter campaign in May 2012. I was able to raise $4,000 because 71 wonderful people believed in me and my book enough to want this dream to come true. What a great feeling. I was shocked Those dollars enabled me to hire a professional editor, book cover designer, and use a consultant to help me properly convert and upload my Word document so it could become a real, live book available for purchase. Without Kickstarter, I wouldn’t have a book published yet. However, the love and support of my backers meant more to me than the dollar amounts they gave. Whenever I doubted myself or became really frustrated doing what I thought was the last edit before the absolute final edit, I knew that I had 71 people in my corner. They took time out of their busy lives and reached into their hearts and wallets to help me achieve my goals. If that doesn’t put faith in you about humanity, I don’t know what will. And they were counting on me; I couldn’t just stop when things got hard. I was able to push through some tough times because I knew my backers believed in me. Another wonderful part of using Kickstarter to fund my novel was that when it was finished and available on Amazon, Barnes and Noble, and Smashwords, I had 71 people that were eager to read it. I had a built-in audience that was willing to help me Using a site like Kickstarter forces you to start marketing yourself and your book before the book is published, which is what we should all do anyway. You have to put yourself out there in the form of emails, social media updates, creating a Facebook event, and posting updates about your project directly through Kickstarter, which blasts out to your backers and can be made public on the Kickstarter website. I know that there is even more I could have done, but thankfully, I was fully funded in my final hour due to several generous souls. I will always be glad that I took my publishing dreams into my own hands and utilized Kickstarter to make my first novel a reality. And although I will not use Kickstarter to publish my second novel- Keepsakes,currently in the editing stage- because I feel like it’s up to me from here on out, I feel truly blessed that these crowdfunding platforms are available to authors that don’t want to wait for agents to offer representation or traditional publishing houses to say yes. Here’s a list of ten crowdfunding options to get you started, and please contact me if you have any questions. Good luck!  Ã‚      (triplepundit.com/2012/07/emerging-next-generation-crowdfunding-platform-roundup/)   

Operation Ten-Go in World War II

Operation Ten-Go in World War II Operation Ten-Go took place on April 7, 1945, and was part of the Pacific Theater of World War II. With Allied forces landing on Okinawa in early 1945, the Japanese Combined Fleet was pressured into mounting an operation to aid in the islands defense. The plan put forward called for sending the superbattleship Yamato on a one-way voyage to the island. Arriving, it was to beach itself and be used as a massive shore battery until destroyed. Though many Japanese naval leaders considered Operation Ten-Go to be a waste of their remaining resources, it moved forward on April 6, 1945. Quickly spotted by Allied aircraft, Yamato and its consorts were subjected to a series of heavy air attacks that resulted in the loss of the battleship and most of its supporting ships. Though kamikaze strikes on the Allied ships off Okinawa caused some losses, only twelve men were lost in the attacks on the Japanese warships. Background By early 1945, having suffered crippling defeats at the Battles of Midway, Philippine Sea, and Leyte Gulf, the Japanese Combined Fleet was reduced to a small number of operational warships. Concentrated in the home islands, these remaining vessels were too few in number to directly engage the Allies fleets. As a final precursor to the invasion of Japan, Allied troops began attacking Okinawa on April 1, 1945. A month prior, realizing that Okinawa would be the Allies next target, Emperor Hirohito convened a meeting to discuss plans for the islands defense. The Japanese Plan Having listened to the armys plans to defend Okinawa through the use of kamikaze attacks and determined fighting on the ground, the Emperor demanded to how the navy planned to aid in the effort. Feeling pressured, the Commander-in-Chief of the Combined Fleet, Admiral Toyoda Soemu met with his planners and conceived Operation Ten-Go. A kamikaze-style operation, Ten-Go called for the battleship Yamato, the light cruiser Yahagi, and eight destroyers to fight their way through the Allied fleet and beach themselves on Okinawa. Japanese Battleship Yamato running sea trials on October 30, 1941. US Naval History Heritage Command Once ashore, the ships were to act as shore batteries until destroyed at which point their surviving crews were to disembark and fight as infantry. As the navys air arm had effectively been destroyed, no air cover would be available to support the effort. Though many, including the Ten-Go force commander Vice Admiral Seiichi Ito, felt that the operation was a waste of scant resources, Toyoda pushed it forward and preparations began. On March 29, Ito shifted his ships from Kure to Tokuyama. Arriving, Ito continued preparations but could not bring himself to order the operation to commence. On April 5, Vice Admiral Ryunosuke Kusaka arrived in Tokuyama to convince the Combined Fleets commanders to accept Ten-Go. Upon learning the details, most sided with Ito believing that the operation was a futile waste. Kusaka persisted and told them that the operation would draw American aircraft away from the armys planned air attacks on Okinawa and that the Emperor was expecting the navy to make a maximum effort in the islands defense. Unable to resist the Emperors wishes, those in attendance reluctantly agreed to move forward with the operation. Operation Ten-Go Conflict: World War II (1939-1945)Dates: April 7, 1945Fleets Commanders:AlliesVice Admiral Marc Mitscher11 aircraft carriersJapanVice Admiral Seiichi Ito1 battleship, 1 light cruisers, 8 destroyersCasualties:Japanese: 4,137 killedAllies: 97 killed, 122 wounded The Japanese Sail Briefing his crews on the nature of the mission, Ito permitted any sailor who wished to stay behind to leave the ships (none did) and sent ashore new recruits, sick, and wounded. Through the day on April 6, intense damage-control drills were conducted and the ships fueled. Sailing at 4:00 p.m., Yamato and its consorts were spotted by the submarines USS Threadfin and USS Hackleback as they passed through the Bundo Strait. Unable to get into an attack position the submarines radioed in sighting reports. By dawn, Ito had cleared the Osumi Peninsula at the south end of Kyushu. Shadowed by American reconnaissance aircraft, Itos fleet was reduced on the morning of April 7 when the destroyer Asashimo developed engine trouble and turned back. At 10:00 a.m., Ito feinted west in an attempt to make the Americans think he was retreating. After steaming west for an hour and half, he returned to a southerly course after being spotted by two American PBY Catalinas. In effort to drive off the aircraft, Yamato opened fire with its 18-inch guns using special beehive anti-aircraft shells. U.S. Navy SB2C Helldiver dive bombers attack Yamato during Operation Ten-Go, April 7, 1945. U.S. Navy History and Heritage Command The Americans Attack Aware of Itos progress, the eleven carriers of Vice Admiral Marc Mitschers Task Force 58 began launching several waves of aircraft around 10:00 a.m. In addition, a force of six battleships and two large cruisers was sent north in case air strikes failed to stop the Japanese. Flying north from Okinawa, the first wave spotted Yamato shortly after noon. As the Japanese lacked air cover, the American fighters, dive bombers, and torpedo planes patiently set up their attacks. Commencing around 12:30 p.m., the torpedo bombers focused their attacks on Yamatos port side to increase the chances of the ship capsizing. As the first wave struck, Yahagi was hit in the engine room by a torpedo. Dead in the water, the light cruiser was struck by six more torpedoes and twelve bombs in the course of the battle before sinking at 2:05 p.m. While Yahagi was being crippled, Yamato took a torpedo and two bomb hits. Though not effecting its speed, a large fire erupted aft of the battleships superstructure. The second and third waves of aircraft launched their attacks between 1:20 PM and 2:15 p.m. Maneuvering for its life, the battleship was hit by at least eight torpedoes and as many as fifteen bombs. Japanese battleship Yamato explodes during Operation Ten-Go, April 7, 1945. U.S. Navy History and Heritage Command End of a Behemoth Losing power, Yamato began listing severely to port. Due to the destruction of the ships water damage-control station, the crew was unable to counter-flood specially designed spaces on the starboard side. At 1:33 p.m., Ito ordered the starboard boiler and engine rooms flooded in an effort to right the ship. This effort killed the several hundred crewmen working in those spaces and reduced the ships speed to ten knots. At 2:02 p.m., Ito ordered the mission canceled and the crew to abandon ship. Three minutes later, Yamato began to capsize. Around 2:20 p.m., the battleship rolled completely and began sink before being torn open by a massive explosion. Four of the Japanese destroyers were also sunk during the battle. Aftermath Operation Ten-Go cost the Japanese between 3,700–4,250 dead as well as Yamato, Yahagi, and four destroyers. American losses in the air attacks were a mere 12 killed and ten aircraft. Operation Ten-Go was the Imperial Japanese Navys last significant action of World War II and its few remaining ships would have little effect during the final weeks of the war. The operation had minimal effect on the Allied operations around Okinawa and the island was declared secure on June 21, 1945.

Eradicating malaria in subafrican countries Essay

Eradicating malaria in subafrican countries - Essay Example The boy William (2009) truly understood how the process of harnessing windmill energy can bring better life for his family and to his community. His constant efforts to build a small but effective device could bring the sustenance and better life. In the same way, an effective malaria eradication program can increase productive man hours and increase the output in industrial and agricultural produce. It is needed to understand the root cause of malaria in Africa first and then devise a full-fledged program, which overtime can eliminate this widespread disease. The severity of malaria in Subafrican region is due to climate and ecology. It is correct to state that malaria affected regions are mostly poor and bound by low economic growth. There are indeed some of the success stories of malaria eradication in the world in the countries such as Italy, Greece, and Spain between 1930 and 1950. Greece had a major suffering in the beginning of 1900s with the spread of malaria. WHO run Malaria eradication campaign had a major effect in Greece in 1946. Infected cases reduced to only 5000 in 1951 from 1-2 million cases per year found in the early 1930s. Unfortunately, it is hard to find much success stories in developing countries sparing the islands of Taiwan and Jamaica. Malaria was eradicated from Jamaica and Taiwan in the year 1958 and 1961 respectively and since then they were in higher growth trajectories. (Gallup & Sachs, 1998) William’s story inspires us about the innovativeness of a small boy that can transform his small town amid adversity. Malawi is a town falling under sub-African region where diseases such as tuberculosis and malaria are quite wide spread. It will be appropriate to see what the measures are taken to eliminate the disease in Malawi. Malawi's the entire population of 1.39 million is at risk of contracting the disease. Every year, almost 4 million cases are registered in health care facilities annually. Malaria is said to have almost accou nted for 40% of inpatient visits. Almost 18% deaths in hospital are accounted to this dreaded disease. Malawi is the first country who relinquished the use of chloroquine in favor of more effective drug. There are many challenges to the issue such as lack of human resources, parasite resistance to the first-line treatment, poverty and a lack of proper monitoring system. To mitigate the weak monitoring system, the World Bank spearheaded a project called Health Sector Support Project through additional funding. The project was also supported by other agencies such as U.S President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) –proposing approximately $186 million in malaria control. Malawi has stopped proposing chloroquine due to resistance developed by malarial parasites and instead implemented a change known as artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTS). World Bank's investment in evaluation and monitoring system will help assess the effect of change in treatment system. Through this system of monitoring, it will be possible to have improved result-based decision making. The additional grant with further strengthen the efforts to eradicate the malaria from Malawi. Finally, it will have multiple goals to fulfill reducing child mortality, reducing poverty and protecting the poorest from the

Employee Relationship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Employee Relationship - Essay Example Finally, the paper concludes stating that a sophisticated employee relation is necessary for efficient running of any firm. It is not feasible to discuss conceptual approaches to flexible working without reference to the work of Atkinson (1984), who developed the concept of "the flexible firm" in the recognition of changes which had taken place in the nature and composition of the workforce at that time. In the model of the "flexible firm" (see Figure overleaf), Atkinson propounded the concept of "core" versus "peripheral" workers. Core workers are a permanent component of a firm's workforce who deliver functional flexibility through their capacity to undertake a wide range of tasks. In contrast, peripheral workers provide a firm with numerical flexibility, with their numbers increasing or reducing with changing labour market conditions. The flexible firm approach involves a reorganisation of a firms' internal labour markets and their division into separate components, wherein workers' experiences and employer's expectations are increasingly differentiated (see Atkinson and Gregory 1986). Bryson (1999) argues that training/development and the involvement of employees are more likely to be directed at core workers, while 'peripheral' workers will be exposed more and more to 'raw' market forces. In times of recession, peripheral or non full-time workers are much more susceptible to lay-offs and redundancies. It is not insignificant that atypical workers, including those job-sharing, working part-time or on short-term contracts, are very clearly located on the periphery of the workforce under this approach. There is little doubt that the flexible firm model was influential in the development of employment policy in UK private and public sector organizations in recent years (see Lawton and Rose 1994). The extent to which this placement of atypical workers as peripheral workers truly reflects the reality of life in Irish organizations remains to be seen. There is certainly evidence to show that, in the Civil Service, opting for flexible, family friendly working arrangements, such as job-sharing, is perceived as unlikely to enhance longer-term career prospects (see Humphreys, Drew and Murphy 1999). However, what is clear is that, given the frequent gender differentiation between core and periphery workers, it is absolutely vital from both the equality and 'family-friendly' viewpoints that flexible working arrangements move in from the periphery to the core of organizational activity and thinking. - http://www.welfare.ie/publications/work_fam/chapter3.html INDIVIDUALISM AND COLLECTIVISM Individualism and collectivism are conflicting views of the nature of humans, society and the relationship between them. Individualism holds that the individual is the primary unit of reality and the ultimate standard of value. This view does not deny that societies exist or that people benefit from living in them, but it sees society as a collection of individuals, not something over and above them. Collectivism holds that the group---the nation, the community, the proletariat, the race, etc.---is the primary unit of reality and the ultimate standard of value. This view does not deny the reality of the individual. But ultimately, collectivism holds

Inernationalization of UK Businesses in Brazilian Market Essay

Inernationalization of UK Businesses in Brazilian Market - Essay Example As the discussion highlights  many companies adopt different strategies in order to grow in the Brazilian market and to successfully achieve the goal of improved bottom line. Brazil is a country which cannot be avoided to do business because of the huge market size. Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world, and it is one of the most populous countries, as well. It has high GDP and legal system, which encourages international companies to tap this market. However, not every company can be successful in the Brazilian market. Size of the country market does not guarantee success in that market. There are many factors, which play a role in the success and failure of international companies. Among such factors, culture has a crucial role. Not only in Brazil but also in every country, culture plays a vital role for success and failure of international companies.  This study stresses that  globalization is growing becoming an integral part of the business in the business world . It has changed the competitive landscape for doing business in local and international markets as a matter of fact that competitive pressures arise not only from local players but also from the international players. On the other hand, in contrast to the pace of globalization, the success rate of businesses in the international market remains under constant challenges.  It is practically a sin for business operating in today’s competitive landscape if it ignores internationalization of business.

Adding some requirements on the project one page only Essay

Adding some requirements on the project one page only - Essay Example This way, it would look like a new product in the market. To add to this, the company could also consider advertising their new image and mentioning the changes they have made and why they are better than before. 3. The company should also invest in latest technology in developing and operating fields so as to consider concerns in healthcare, environmental and safety issues of the Country. This way, the company would practice environmental friendly ways of going about their business. When consumers see this, they may appreciate the company more. This way, the sales of their product would increase as the company would become popular with the consumers. 1. Encouraging investors would be a suitable action plan as they would help the company in their businesses such as the company’s plan for globalization. Investors would also help the company buy modern technologies as they would provide income that could be used for

Daphne du Maurier, Don't look Now Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Daphne du Maurier, Don't look Now - Essay Example Dont look now† is the mystical and wistful story of a British couple named, John and Laura, who are on a vacation in Venice. They are on holiday in order to escape, from the pain and heartbreak of their young daughter Christine’s recent death. They are also on a rebound, striving to bring back the fun, laughter and romance in their marriage, which seems to have diminished after the tragedy. However, quite contradictory to their expectations, Venice soon becomes a hazardous place for them too, as a series of paranormal events unfold, when they meet two old Scottish sisters at a cafà ©. There comes a twist in the plot, when the blind sister claims that she can see the ghost of their deceased daughter uniting with them. All their claims make Laura extremely happy and rekindle a flame of hope in her dull and dim, sad life, and she is suddenly drawn towards the two sisters. An interesting aspect of Du Maurier’s literature was that quite unusually, she wrote from the perspective of the male protagonist, and exceptionally good at that. This story is also told from the rationalist, sensitive and edgy point of view of John, the male lead. John begins the story by describing the trauma and distress her wife is going through, after the shocking tragedy, as it is driving her to the point of hysteria, John is feeling anxious and helpless, at her ordeal and finds very hard to see the unsettling state of mind of his beloved wife. After the two sisters claimed to have seen Christine’s ghost, Laura becomes very ecstatic and that upsets John even more. The two sisters, kept referring to having the â€Å"gift† of second sight, which John instantly dismisses, as he does not believe in ghosts, instead he feels very uncomfortable by seeing Laura’s immediate interest in those women. Laura’s sudden happiness seems like a betrayal to Joh n, who is still a grieving parent and Laura’s

Various Aspects of Life of the Oromo People Research Paper

Various Aspects of Life of the Oromo People - Research Paper Example However, as distinguishing factors, African communities have different cultural practices and beliefs. According to Freund2, societal beliefs and practices, which define each community, are used to distinguish various African communities. Traditional practices and beliefs are, thus, used to describe each ethnic community. Inhabitation of various parts of Africa mainly depended on geographical factors, such as accessibility, topography, and nature of a place at different weather conditions. Even though each African community was and is still distinguishable from other communities, certain issues, nevertheless, brought the communities together. Examples of the factors include economic, social, and religious accords among various communities. According to Freund3, most African communities have not only settled in Africa, but also inhabit other continents. Example of such communities is the Oromo people. The community has the highest population in Africa and considerable numbers in Ameri ca and Saudi Arabia. Therefore, while discussing the community, focus is directed to Africa. This paper explores the Oromo community. Background of the Community The name â€Å"Oromo† means â€Å"the powerful.† Triulzi4 informs that several suggestions attempt to explain origin of the name. One postulate argues that the name is associated with the river Oromiffa. Levine (Greater Ethiopia, 45) also claims that the name was coined from â€Å"qaala laa† an Arabic word. Galla is another name used to refer to the community. The term â€Å"Galla† is used mostly by Amhara to refer the community. Abyssinians, on the other hand, use derogatory characteristics to describe the group5. The offensive names, which include â€Å"pagan,† â€Å"slave,† â€Å"uncivilized,† or uncultured, are meant to generate inferiority complex within the community. Members of the community, however, insisted on the name â€Å"Oromo† because it described the st rength or self-defense of the community. Oromo community is a member of Cushitic-speaking individuals. The native language of the community is Oromo. The language is part of an Afro-Asiatic language family. The community is estimated to have a population of 30 million members. In Africa, the community is largely found in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Somalia. In Ethiopia, census carried in 2007 revealed that 34.49 percent of the entire population of the country was Oromoota. Records indicate that the Oromo occupy eastern and north-eastern Africa. Migration and Demographic Information Mohammed6 asserts that Oromo community is an ancient group in Africa. The author claims that physical features, language, culture, and various other aspects of life conform to traditions of African societies, with slight variations. Ethiopia, which is the main settlement region for the community, has an approximate of 74 ethnically diverse language groups7. Because population of the country is majorly the Oromo, individuals of the community significantly contribute to development of the country in various capacities. Based on the report published by United Nations Population Fund, about 95 % are settled agriculturalists.

Daphne du Maurier, Don't look Now Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Daphne du Maurier, Don't look Now - Essay Example Dont look now† is the mystical and wistful story of a British couple named, John and Laura, who are on a vacation in Venice. They are on holiday in order to escape, from the pain and heartbreak of their young daughter Christine’s recent death. They are also on a rebound, striving to bring back the fun, laughter and romance in their marriage, which seems to have diminished after the tragedy. However, quite contradictory to their expectations, Venice soon becomes a hazardous place for them too, as a series of paranormal events unfold, when they meet two old Scottish sisters at a cafà ©. There comes a twist in the plot, when the blind sister claims that she can see the ghost of their deceased daughter uniting with them. All their claims make Laura extremely happy and rekindle a flame of hope in her dull and dim, sad life, and she is suddenly drawn towards the two sisters. An interesting aspect of Du Maurier’s literature was that quite unusually, she wrote from the perspective of the male protagonist, and exceptionally good at that. This story is also told from the rationalist, sensitive and edgy point of view of John, the male lead. John begins the story by describing the trauma and distress her wife is going through, after the shocking tragedy, as it is driving her to the point of hysteria, John is feeling anxious and helpless, at her ordeal and finds very hard to see the unsettling state of mind of his beloved wife. After the two sisters claimed to have seen Christine’s ghost, Laura becomes very ecstatic and that upsets John even more. The two sisters, kept referring to having the â€Å"gift† of second sight, which John instantly dismisses, as he does not believe in ghosts, instead he feels very uncomfortable by seeing Laura’s immediate interest in those women. Laura’s sudden happiness seems like a betrayal to Joh n, who is still a grieving parent and Laura’s

Abortion the most controversial issue in the therapeutic profession Essay Example for Free

Abortion the most controversial issue in the therapeutic profession Essay Abortion is an issue that has brought discrepancies in the views of various specialists. The scientists have got into a conflict of interest with the clergymen among other liberal-minded persons in the society. Some scholars have come up with an argument that it is a birth control mechanism and should be encouraged to prevent overpopulation (Fujime, 2012). The perception of this aspect has also varied from one country to another depending on the regulating constitutions. Arguments for Abortion Every single individual is given some fundamental right ensured by the Constitution. One of those benefits is the privilege to seek after bliss. A child can sometimes upset a ladys quest for satisfaction. Regardless of the possibility that she chooses to surrender it for a reception, despite everything she has the weight of conveying the baby for nine months. Having the alternative to play out a premature birth can comprehend that deterrent. Taking ceaselessly this privilege would attack a ladys established freedom. The unwanted child likewise suffers. More often, the mother of the unwanted child is exceptionally youthful and unpracticed or excessively weak, making it impossible to deal with the youngster. The kid is typically malnourished, has no medicinal care, and gets next to no consideration or love. The childcare framework isnt any better. Just a little rate of the kids are embraced by appropriate guardians. However, the rest stay in the child care system, where there is practically no individual care. In both cases, the child has a poor training as a result o f the absence of consideration and discipline. He grows up to be useless individual or a danger to society. Many get included in drugs and violations (Sorenson et al., 2002). These people are likewise exceptionally rough, deficient with regards to the decent quality due little measure of care they got themselves. Over the long haul, does the kid endure as well as society, who needs to tolerate his bad conduct and wrongdoings. Premature birth can be viewed as putting the child out of hopelessness while he doesnt be able to reason or dread. Plainly, fetus removal permits a lady to hold her sacred rights; it alleviates a last enduring child out of his pain, and it sets up a more secure and more serene society. On these grounds, premature birth ought to be kept legitimate and even urged to particular people, for advantages to all of us. The religious belief system is no establishment of any law. The flexibility of religion is ensured to any subject in the United States; so why might the convictions and estimations of one religion command real rules for all natives? It would be unfair, out of line and improper. We dont have laws against eating fish, nor do we have legislation that proclaims it is legitimate to offer ones little girl, assault somebody, or keep a man as a slave all things that are advanced in religious content (Bauman et al., 1980). Many would contend that these ladies could persevere through the pregnancy, spending almost a year of her life essentially re-living the assault and its belongings, again and again, to surrender a child at the end of it for the reception. In any case, we as a whole know about the way that there are an enormous number of undesirable kids anticipating selection at this very moment who stay unclaimed; UNICEF gauges that there are 210 million vagrants on the planet at this time . If they have nobody willing to be their parent or guardian, why might another child have an excellent shot? The regenerative decision can be the main thing that stands between a lady and poverty. There is a reason that the 1 billion poorest individuals on earth are women. In sub-Saharan Africa and West Asia, women normally have five to six children, who abandon them fail to accommodate their families, as well as themselves. The regenerative decision can be the main thing that stands between a lady and demise. Women who confront lethal results of pregnancy should live. Schoolgirls, whose bodies are not yet prepared for labor, are five circumstances more inclined to bite the dust. Not just do 70,000 young ladies ages 15-19 die every year from pregnancy and labor, however, the infants that do survive have a 60% higher possibility of dying also. Abortion is a critical component of ladies rights since ladies are more influenced by the fetus removal debate than men, both independently and as a sexual orientation. Pregnancy enormously affects the woman involved. As Sarah Weddington put it to the US Supreme Court in Roe v Wade: A pregnancy to a lady is maybe a standout amongst the most determinative part of her life. It upsets her body, education, and her work. Whats more, it regularly disturbs her whole family life. A savant Judith Jarvis Thomson composed that an incredible arrangement turns for ladies on whether the premature birth is or is not accessible. If first birthrights are denied, then an imperative is forced on girls opportunity to act in a way that is of extraordinary significance to them. Substantial rights say that many individuals respect the privilege to control ones body as a real key right. If ladies are not permitted to end an unwanted embryo prematurely, they are denied this right. The least complex type of the women rights contention for fetus removal presumes that a lady has the right to choose what she may or may not be able to with her body. The fetus exists inside a females body, and in this manner, she has the privilege to choose whether the baby stays in her body or not. Consequently, a pregnant lady can prematurely end the embryo. The issue realizes many thoughts human rights into mercilessly keen core interest. The important US Supreme Court choice in Roe v Wade to some degree upheld that view when it decided that a ladys entitlement to end her pregnancy went under the flexibility of individual decision in family matters and was ensured by the Fourteenth Amendment to the US Constitution. This leads a few people to claim that it is dishonest to boycott premature birth because doing as such prevents flexibility from securing decision to ladies and strengths the unwilling to hold up under the undesirable. Opponents of this contention usually assault the idea that fetus is part of a ladys body. They contend that a baby is not a same kind of thing from a leg or a liver: it is not only a part of a ladys body but rather is (to some degree) a different individual with its entitlement to life. A moment protest to this contention is that individuals dont have the entire appropriate to control their bodies. All persons are liable to different limitations on what they do with their bodies, and some of these confinements (laws against suicide or killing) are similarly as intrusive. The ladies freedom development view premature birthrights as fundamental for sexual orientation balance. They say that if a woman is not permitted to have a fetus removal, she is not just compelled to proceed with the pregnancy to birth additionally anticipated that by society would support and take care of the subsequent kid for a long time to come. They contend that only if ladies have the privilege to pick regardl ess of whether to have children would they be able to accomplish fairness with men. Men dont get pregnant and are not confined similarly. Besides, they say, ladies opportunity and life decisions are constrained by bearing kids, and the generalizations, social traditions, and severe obligations that ran with it. They likewise respect the privilege to control ones particular body as a real key right, and one that ladies could just accomplish if they had been qualified to prematurely end an unwanted fetus. Margaret Sanger, an organizer of Planned Parenthood, said that no woman could call herself free until she can pick deliberately whether she will or wont be a mother. It is dependably the moralists who make the most mischief. Premature birth is the practical result of development, just the wilderness conceives an offspring and disintegrates away as nature announcements. A man arranges, Max Frisch. Conclusion In summary, abortion is one of the controversial issues in the therapeutic profession. It might be completed to ensure the life of the pregnant lady as well as to fulfill her interests. Numerous debates emerge concerning whether it is moral to end a premature birth, and particularly in regards to an individuals self-governance. A man has a directly over actions made over his/her body, in spite of the fact that in the human services profession, the guideline of helpfulness supersedes a mans self-rule. Ladies require free access to fetus removal keeping in mind the end goal to accomplish full political, social, and financial balance with people. Women need the privilege to premature birth with a specific end goal to have some same flexibilities from men and to have full rights over their bodies.   Without this right, they dont have an equal sound status from people. References Bauman, Karl E., and Ann E. Anderson (1980). Legal abortions and Trends in fetal and infant mortality rates in the United States. American journal of obstetrics and Gynecology 136.2,194-202. Chen, K. Prof. Jacobs (November 11, 2010). Adolescent pregnancy one year later: the effects of abortion vs. motherhood in Northeast Brazil. Journal of Adolescent Health, 29(3), 223-232. Fujime, Y. (2012). A follow-up study of women who request an abortion. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 43(4), 574. Sorenson, Susan B., Douglas J. Wiebe, and Richard A. Berk (2002). Legalized abortion and the homicide of young children: An empirical investigation. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy 2.1, 239-256. Zeileis, A., Koenker, R., Doebler, P., Zeileis, M. A. (2015). Package ‘glmx’.

Organisation Resource Management Ikea Commerce Essay

Organisation Resource Management Ikea Commerce Essay History is evident from the fact that for the success of any organisation is very vital to have an alignment between the strategic and human resource objectives of the organisation to ensure both short term efficiency which would ultimately lead to long term profitability. A concept by McKinsey stating 7 S which includes super ordinate goals, strategy, structure, systems, staff, skills and style was a spectacular approach towards setting up an organisations performance excellence criteria. Human resource management alignment with mission is simply combining people management with organisational ultimate goal achievement strategy, one way of doing is to grant access to human resources to be a part of planning phase as a company would always prosper if the employees or human resource is given equal importance and utilization as other sectors of decision making. Unlike the traditional strategic planning where human resource department was only considered to be a provider of personnel fa cility like staffing, pay, training where as sectors like research and development, finance, production and marketing were the major players to be carefully considered neglecting human resource significance completely but the concept was out ruled by the modern sense of strategic planning, in which the importance of human resource is realised together with the actualisation of the fact that the company is known by people it keeps, as the business world got into the era of intense competition the need for people training and development increased rapidly and time came when for a successfully run company it has to have properly trained and skilled people and also have a system of provision of more trained employees on regular intervals to continuously fill the gap caused by employment turnover, companies opted for the later concept noticed instant improvement not only in the performance level but also the motivational level of staff showed a rapid incline which realistically the only reason for the overall improved performance. It is evident that where ever people in organisation are involved then its inevitable to neglect the presence of HR elements, Human resource also plays a very vital role in bringing cohesion between the employees of any organisation which when achieved could do wonders in terms of goals achievement and has created history at several times. A retailer which stands by its name IKEA (Ingvar Kampard Elmtaryd Agunnaryd), a home furnishing retailer which was established in 1943, currently IKEA is not only a furniture retailer but a phenomenon, a name which is identified from its unified identity of standardisation no matter what part of the world one steps into its big blue and yellow set of blocks which carries approximately more than 9500 range of home furnishing and relevant products with a restaurant facility as well provided under the same roof. Over the years it has evolved as an identity of its own, a simplified approach towards furniture making with excellent cost cutting strategies, which ultimately has a direct impact on the price offered to customer, price offered by IKEA stands out to be the cheapest in the market which has become so far the best unique selling point this brand can offer, but nothing is worth without a consideration of flat-pack concept back in early days which entirely change the image of furnit ure industry, it was planning ahead which now proves to be a convenience by coping up with the pace of present days working people life style particularly younger generation Ikeas vision is to create a better everyday life for many people is a complete reflection of how company perceives people in mind which not only includes customers but any stakeholder which has a direct or indirect link to the company operation e.g. customers, employees, suppliers etc. on the other hand IKEA follows a very careful path in the pursuit of its business mission which is to offer wide range of home furnishing items of good design and function, excellent quality and durability at prices so low that the majority of people afford to buy them Therefore it is evident from the mission and vision that IKEA not only relates and base its overall operation to provide a better life for cheap but also focus on the quality and modernisation of the product it sells to keep it desired on affordable prices. The harmony between the organisational overall strategy and human resource strategy is achieved through a process which in present era been adopted and utilised by almost all the organisation realising the importance of integration of human resource element into overall strategy to ensure excellent results and motivated employees. To dig further deep it is very essential to realize the political, economical, social, technological, environmental and legal environment of IKEA which basically makes the basis of any strategic objective as external environment together with elements of internal environment that are strength and weaknesses would assist to evaluate ikeas corporate strategic situation which becomes the basis of ikeas strategic plan quite carefully phrased in it its vision and mission. Ranging from political stability. concern for society and social causes together with people concern, day to day technological advancement to overall economic recession faced by the company , the companies strategy to keep the cost low is a great tactic in these times of economic turmoil specially when the retail market is hit by vat increases starting from 04th of january,2011 low price policy with diversity in the nature of product range and business concepts referring to restaurant business IKEA has evolved as an intelligent set of brains and with inclusion of human resource strategy and other functional strengths to align with the overall mission has proved to be a successful and productive idea in terms of sales and employee retention as well. C) Merger: Its a kind of a take over when both the firms combine into a new firm with the due permission of the real owners of the company who possess the shares of the company therefore resulting in completely new official entity. IKEA first of all baring the largest share in the home furnishing industry doesnt find itself in an urgent need of a merger as among the main reasons for merger is the pursuit of better performance or avoidance from decline scale of performance, expansion behind ikeas one of the vital priorities in next few years might attract the concept of merger with some furniture retailer most probably on high street level to launch its high street outlet , but doing that would require certain changes which could include new payroll system, different pay and other remuneration schemes, new policies for training and development could be settled between the parties to the merger, new staffing methods, new policy could be formed for retirement scheme and benefits, disciplinary proc edures could be altered as well etc. in a nut shell relocation of resources is always a part of mergers which could also include relocation of human resources depending on which kind of merger does actually take place. Acquisition: In case of acquisition as well the whole set of human resource elements would be considered by party purchasing the other to suit their enhanced business and acquired work force requirements together with legal regulations, but in this form of take over if IKEA takes over any company it must be an intention to provide a helping hand to stakeholders of the acquired company, therefore changes like payroll, staff rotation, job rotation, combined training and development, it could also result in human expertise been sent to look after the acquired business resulting in lack of concentration on the main operation which indicated intense care is necessary while allocating the employees efficiently. Strategic alliances: This is now being seen in regular practice by various firms all over the world reason being either to achieve competitive advantage like Superdrug and the perfume shop etc. or to plan a reduction of operating cost because of shared resources or purely marketing reasons. IKEA faced by this type of situation would definitely face some changes on immediate basis including maintenance of healthy relationship between the organizations for the achievement of combined goals, changes would require in the decision making patterns in the favor of common interest, allocation of right people on the right job could raise argument between the relevant heads involved from both sides, a methods requires to be developed to ensure data protection of trade secrets which could be at risk if not handle with proper attention. Human resource strategy would also need a bit of alteration in terms of agreement on objectives as both the parties could have different set of overall objectives to follow. Joint ventures: It is a kind of project undertaken by the two firms for a common interest and share the rewards or losses from the particular venture, depending on the kind of joint venture the human resource would change to suit the requirement of the venture on both side to be conducted smoothly without bothering the overall objectives of both the firms and ensure all the relevant aspects like allocation of combine resources together with any training and development measures required to carry out the joint venture. TASK 2: EMPLOYEE RECRUITMENT cultural multiplicity is one of the ikeas prime concern as far its recruitment policy is concerned, IKEA has always abide by the legal employment regulations and also exhibited a very responsible attitude towards its employees and potential employees, with the significance importance been given to the development of multi cultural environment at work place IKEA has established a very strong and constructive multicultural hub for people who IKEA believes only work for people. A suitable candidate is always the one with high motivational energy together with relevant experience or knowledge. EMPLOYEE RETENTION IKEA has a very smart process of communication in-between the employees who allow them express freely their concern about the business and the company, both ways communication is appreciated and practiced which is a prime reason for less percentage of employee turnovers. Together with fair and constructive pay system the company has gained its place in the hearts of its employees and with proper amount of training and development procedures creates a bond between the brand and its very own people. Proper exit interviews are conducted on the exit of any member and both the parties are left with a brilliant image on each other for future reference. TRAINING AND DEVLOPMENT It is a responsibility of an efficient organisation to have a complete provision of training and development facility at work in order to maintain the motivation level of the team and to fulfil the overall strategic objective of the organisation over all quality of work together with amount of loyalty are directly related to companys performance which are fully practiced in a routine culture of IKEA day to day operations. human resource department together with other functional heads and directors establish a strategy for training the team members over a given period of time to achieve future strategic goals with better preparations ensuring all the line managers of the departments are fully informed and trained for the training to be provided on the basis of individual performance and line of direction opted in the company, and together with the same line managers top management develops a plan in order to understand the needs for the relevant process. IKEA has very comprehensive set of performance appraisal system which is conducted on every regular interval constructively to ensure employee satisfaction ultimately leading to customer satisfaction. IKEA has design a unique format of trading and development pattern with the name of on the job training as organised by IKEA college for the seek of potential managers which could lead the brand to a new era an excellence. Task 3: PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL is a technique or a format to review the performance of the employees on one to one basis and comparing it to the company standards to evaluate the areas of strengths and weaknesses in order to improve the performance level and build-up the motivation level of the determined staff, but an alarm bell for below average performing members to come to know their areas of errors and rectify them in a given amount of time ends till next appraisal date which could be from 1 to 6 months depending on the urgency of it . Appraisal is a very vital tool for the employer being the one of its own kind to assist management of performance level. With the help of performance appraisal it is very easy for the employer to assess their potential inner-hierarchy growth in the company, therefore together with affecting the career path of the employees performance appraisal has also got a quite close relation with the salary increments as well. It is always recommended for an appraisal to be conducted with the immediate line manager to get the complete and comprehensive feed back for the sake of improvement over the next period of time, the appraisal process must be familiarised by the manager conducting it and be fair by all means as more the feedback being honest more chances of constructive development in an employee concerned provided the appraisal is conductive with ease and the employee has received all the feedback correctly without being offended. It is very beneficial for human resource department to develop policies also can be utilised to give a chance to employees to express their opinion about anything about their job they wish talk about. Human resource department can provide plenty of assistance and advice with the help of the appraisal form prepared by the HR keeping in view each and every segment of working employee. Overall a very useful tool for employer and employee in relation to performance levels. REWARD MANAGEMENT: The overall idea behind the reward management phenomenon is to support the human resource and mission of the company, it assist the company with patterns how to trains and develop the individuals which ultimately leads to employee motivation, rewards management system enhance the employer employee relationship and bring more harmony and determination among all of them as its about reward in return with self actualization , a proper reward management system has some legal implications to be made sure before drafting it and is also quite smartly looked after. Rewards: There are two kinds of rewards: 1) Financial 2) Non-financial Financial being classified as tangible reward, one could get a monetary return for services but several studies are evident that these type of outer level needs doesnt keep the person motivated for a long time therefore classified in basic needs scenario, but Non-financial are the ones which although has no material value but have done enough to make histories. Intrinsic rewards ensuring self efficacy, self recognition and self actualization etc. satisfies higher level needs which are also known as motivators. Contradicting to the reward definition in old days, money as matter of fact is only considered to be a material return to fulfill basic needs and then what really works for an employer is when the employee is provided a sense of achievement etc. for a better future for the company and employee as well.

Gender Inequality in Hollywood Essay -- stereotypes, media, gender ine

Stereotypes in our society are not uncommon. We come across them every day without realizing it. It is in our human nature to create expectations of the people around us, which could be based upon their ethnicity, sexual orientation, gender or other factors. Stereotypes help us categorize a vast group of people that we may not know anything about, to think that they are smaller and less intimidating. I believe that the blame for these cookie-cutter patterns can lead directly back to the media in every sense of the word. Media is all around us, and affects our opinions and ability to think for ourselves. Whether it’s the latest box office hit or the headlining news, we are getting assumptions from every point of view, which makes it hard to form our own. But I personally think that the biggest influence of our time are in the cinematic arts. Movies have been a huge part of the American culture since the motion pictures were first invented. Since the late eighteenth century, families have been going to the movie theater to spend quality time together. But as the action packed western thrillers soon turned to risque dramas, the idea of Hollywood made filmed changed drastically. In the early nineteen fifties, when televisions were becoming quite popular in the average American home, it was considered provocative to broadcast a married couple sitting in bed together. But today it would be considered a G rated program if it didn’t at least imply sexeul interests. This topic can be traced back to the stereotypes of Hollywood’s employees and how they influence us today. From Actors to Actresses or even just the director’s assistant, everybody in Hollywood has an expectation from someone else. When people think about the q... ... a child's life than motherhood. The interpretation is up to the audience, and sexist or not there still hints in the story by common belief of Hollywood critics. Both these movies, although vastly different, are examples of implied male dominance. A term more commonly referred to is gender inequality, which sounds more staid but at the same time is also taken more seriously. Works Cited Castillo, Monica. "You Can Win an Oscar, but You Can't Win Respect." B Media. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 Dec. 2012. Gianoulus, Tina. St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture. Vol. 4. Detroit [u.a.: St. James, 2000. Gale Virtual Reference Library. Web. "Roundtable: Five Casting Directors on Crazy Auditions and Industry Sexism." The Hollywood Reporter. THR Staff, n.d. Web. 13 Dec. 2013. "Film Facts." WMM | RESOURCES | FILM FACTS. N.p., n.d. Web. 16 Dec. 2013.

The Mood Disorder Depression Essay -- Papers Depressive Psychiatry Ess

The Mood Disorder Depression Depression can be defined as an affective, or mood disorder characterized by mood deviations that exceed normal mood fluctuations. At its most extreme, depression can describe a psychotic state where the individual cannot function on his or her own. Everyone can go through times of feeling down for a period of time after having suffered a loss, but for people with the illness known as depression, these feelings of sadness can go on for long periods of time. In fact, about 1 in every 10 of us will be seriously depressed during sometime in our lives. As viewed by psychiatrists, depression is an illness in which a person experiences a marked change in their mood and in the way they view themselves and the world. Sometimes, depression seems to happen because of a stressful event, sometimes it seems to happen for no reason at all. Depression as a significant depressive disorder ranges from short in duration and mild to long term and very severe, even life threatening. Depressive disorders come in different forms, just as do other illnesses such as heart disease. The three most prevalent forms of depression are major depression, dysthymia, and bipolar disorder. Depression is a sickness which involves ones body, mood and thoughts, it even affects the way you eat and sleep. Depression strikes people of all ages, backgrounds, and ethnic groups. Approximately 20 million adults suffer from depression each year in the U.S. Up to 25% of all women and up to 12% of all men in the U.S. will experience an episode of major depression some time in their lives. 15% of those who suffer from depression kill themselves and succeed, and sadly many more attempt it. TYPES OF DEPRESSION ... ...d not stop taking the antidepressant medication without talking to the doctor. - Phase 3 of treatment can last another year, or longer. How long it lasts depends on the depressed person’s medical history and on the advice of the doctor or other healthcare professional. Not all people need to take their medication during Phase 3. Thus, depression the â€Å"common cold† of psychological disorders, which affects about 12 million Americans each year, is treatable but sadly many don’t get the proper treatment and so live in a world where nothing can go their way. As one person stated when asked, â€Å"What is depression like?† they replied â€Å"Its hell†¦you doubt your own worth in society and in anyone’s life, you believe no one cares, you do not care about what happens to you or the world...and you’d wish everything would slow down so you can know what to think of everything.†

Main Differences When Communicating With Adults, Young People And Children

Explain the main differences when communicating with adults, young people and children: The main differences between communicating with a child, young person or adult is our tone of voice, body language, facial expressions, gestures and the vocabulary we use. We need to adapt these depending on the age, needs or ability of the person we are speaking too. If we are communicating with a small child we may do this by either playing a game, reading a story, using silly voices or playing with toys or puppets.When communicating with a young person this is done differently as we would need to adapt our tone of voice, and the words and phrases we use as a young person has a more varied vocabulary. We need to ensure that we allow a young person to vocalise ideas and feelings as they can do this in a greater depth. We can give a young person more complex instructions and they can also appreciate jokes and word play. We can read more complex things with a young person such as poetry or factual books.We can discuss past events allowing them to give detailed accounts with varied expression and emotions. With regards to communicating with an adult this would be done slightly differently as we would normally do this by having a conversation face to face or by telephone, going out to a social event together or by texting or maybe email. We also need to consider the differences when communicating with anyone from a different culture or social background.This is because some words or phrases that may be acceptable to one community may not be acceptable to another. We need to always be aware who is around us to prevent us from causing offence. We need to be aware that the way we communicate may not be acceptable to everyone for example if someone was communicating using offensive language and the other person replied with the same language then this would not cause offence, but if they said this to someone who does not use offensive language then this may upset them.

Apperance vs Reality In the Great Gatsby

The roaring twenties were the times of higher wages, new technologies and extravagant parties to celebrate after the devastating war. It was the time of great economic prosperity and many people became rich and wealthy. With this all happening many people lived in an illusionary world, where only few could see reality. Being successful during these times had nothing to do with hard work but rather involved false happiness, high social status and materialistic objects. F. Scott Fitzgerald implies in â€Å"The Great Gatsby† that Underneath those who appear to be living a life of perfection, there may be a lack ofn  contentess in reality.In Scott. F Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby, the characters of Jay Gatsby, Daisy Buchanan, and Nick Carraway all reveal that the certain appearances of their lives do not match the reality. When a person becomes so caught up in their appearance they tend to forget about the reality around them. In the novel The Great Gatsby, Jay Gatsby por trays that the appearance of his life is unlike true reality. James Gatz grew up in a very poor family from North Dakota, and after he became wealthy he changed his name to Jay Gatsby to hide from his past appearance. Gatsby appears to be thisIndividual who has a successful and accomplished life because of all his wealth, but in reality he is a fraud. His wealth was not inherited from a wealthy family nor was it gained through a sincerely hard working job that but he became a bootlegger and gets his wealth from illegally selling bonds. Gatsby is unable to see past reality â€Å" can’t repeat the past? Why of course you can? †(116).Gatsby has a vision of re-gaining the relationship Daisy and him once had. He believes that since he’s made a name for himself and has become very wealthy, he now has everything he needs for Daisy to come back  to him. Gatsby is blind to the reality that his dream is long gone and that his past can never be fully repeated. The future has brought other factors such as being married and his money being done illegally. He will never be able to repeat the relationship they once had when they were younger †he tried to recapture Daisy, and for a time it looks as though her will succeed. But he must fail, because of his inability to separate the ideal from the real. †It appears that since Gatsby is socially accepted in Daisy’s world with his wealthy and popular persona and that the love they have for each  other still exists, he now has everything he needs to gain Daisy back. Since they already have strong love for each other. However, once Daisy soon discovers that Gatsby isn’t that man he puts out to be, and the comfort and protection she feels with Tom because of his wealth and status is much more important to her than the love and sacrifice Gatsby shows toward her. Daisy Buchanan married Tom Buchanan in spite of her infatuation with living a wealthy and glamorous lifestyle. Even though she realizes her husband is having an affair she still stays with him, convinced that her money will work as a distraction and make her happy.Nick discovers that â€Å" her whole carless world revolves around this illusion: that money makes everything beautiful, even if it’s not†. From the moment Daisy was born she was brought into a glamourized world of wealth. Once she’s older, she falls for Tom Buchanan and the money he represents, leading her to marry him. She feels that the wealthy lifestyle she endures with Tom will bring them eternal happiness and solve all of their potential problems. Regarding her daughter Pammy, Daisy says â€Å"And I hope she’ll be a fool- that’s the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool. †(fitzgerald 21).This statement shows that she  wishes that her daughter will grow up to be naive and beautiful so she doesn’t have to worry about all the problems that occur in life. Daisy hers elf is beautiful, however, she is not a fool and is fully aware of her husbands infidelities. She feels that if she was naive to this situation, she would be able to live happily in her life filled with beauty and wealth and would not have to deal with these kinds of problems. Unfortunately for Daisy, she realizes that a marriage lacking love and trust has erupted in her life and assumes that her money will over shadow this problem and make everything better.Daisy seems to be  living a perfect, beautiful life because of her wealth and high social class. However, she soon comes to the conclusion that there is an emptiness in her heart that her money will never be able to fulfill. When a person is aware to the reality they began to realize how non important appearance is. The character of Nick Carraway is neighbours with the popular Gatsby and is exposed to his mansion that holds all of his extravagant parties. Nick demonstrates a character who realizes that the upper class world is n’t all what it seems. Nick perceives that the people of new york’s upper class live fascinating and wonderful lives due to their weath.When he eventually becomes part of the upper class world (having relation to Daisy and befriending Gatsby), Nick comes to the conclusion that wealth causes more harm and corruption than good. Nick begans to realize that after all the sacrifice and love Gatsby has done for his cousin Daisy, she still chooses to be with her unfaithful husband â€Å"they’re a rotten crowd. You’re worth the whole damn bunch put together†(Fitzgerald 162).After None of Gatsby’s friends, as well as t he many people who attended his parties, showed up to his funeral, Nick discovers that he no longer wants to be apart of a world  containing such shallowness and selfishness. â€Å" Nick sees life now as it is. Nick dedues that Gatsby is both a racketeer and an incurable romantic, whose ill-gotten wealth has been acquired soley to g ain prominence in the sophisticated, moneyed world of Daisys circle. † Nick becomes to realize how naive his friend Jay Gatsby is to reality and how he’s allowing his money and appearance to take over. In the end, even the greatest of the characters in the Great Gatsby are conformed by their appearance. They may appear to live in such perfection and wealth but in reality money can’t buy happiness.

Effects of Rising Technology Essay

In the twenty first century, evolution and constant use of technology have greatly impacted humans, and their ways to approaching media. Many people believe that technology has improved the quality of life of the people at a great depth, while others see it as a force that has escaped from human control. Modern technology such as Internet, may help people solve problems or gather information faster than an ordinary human being is capable of. At the same time, it can also destroy one’s social life and interactions with humans if proper balance is not maintained. While people’s thoughts regarding the two sides are intriguing, the question is, are the negative effects gradually outnumbering the positive ones? In the essay â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid† written by Nicholas Carr, and â€Å"The Multitasking Generation† by Claudia Wallis, we are presented with ways in which technology affects the daily lifestyle of human being. Even though both authors perceive some of the beneficial uses of modern technology, they ultimately pinpoint the negative effects of it to a large extent. While the bad effects remain constant between both authors, they introduce different aspects of ways humans are being affected – Carr, emphasizing on how technology (Internet in this case) has drastically changed the way humans acquire and present information, and Wallis, focusing on how technology (Media Multitasking) deteriorates social interactions among humans. In today’s world, uses of technology have become far more efficient than ever, and it is only increasing. Internet itself alone, has marched onto becoming the modern power source of simplicity and efficiency. When one hears about ‘efficiency’, a concept of getting a lot done with less amount of time spent, triggers to his mind. In other words, saving time while getting the maximum work done is the key, and that is what Internet delivers to human. In â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid†, Carr expresses his convenience of using Internet to do his research, â€Å"Research that once required days in the stacks or periodical rooms of libraries can now be done in minutes† (Carr 1-2). He acknowledges the fact that Internet makes his job as a writer easier, by saying that Internet is giving out information faster than before. The benefits are not only limited to easy access of Internet. The Internet is also taking over people’s daily life rather quickly as it can be programmed to perform certain functions of any information processing device. â€Å"It’s becoming our map, our clock, our printing press, and our typewriter, our calculator, and our telephone, and our radio and TV† (Carr 4), says Carr, as he refers to some of the devices used everyday, to explain the concept of Internet being a powerful computing system. Wallis, in the article â€Å"The Multitasking Generation†, also reflects on some positive effects of technology. Through the concept of â€Å"media multitasking†, or â€Å"listening to iTunes, watching a DVD and IMing friends all at the same time† (Wallis 3) to mention a few, Wallis refers to kids being able to absorb multiple tasks simultaneously, while possibly serving the kids with some benefits. One might be curious to ask how can technologies such as media be beneficial to children? Surprisingly, according to Wallis, â€Å"Piers†, the fourteen years old son in the Coxes family, â€Å"repairs the family computers and DVD player. † â€Å"Bronte†, Piers’ twin sister, â€Å"uses digital technology to compose elaborate photo collages and create a documentary of her father’s ongoing treatment for cancer† (Wallis 3). In the quote, Wallis expresses the fact that even children today, are aware of the beneficial power of technology, and they are quite capable of taking full advantage of it. While both authors present some of the positive effects of technology, as mentioned above, to us, each of them addresses different issues on how exactly uses of technology and technological improvements negatively impact human life. As people become addicted to the valuable web efficiency, it turns out that the Internet serves to be quite harmful towards human cognition in such that it diminishes the capacity of human concentration and contemplation. As Carr says in â€Å"Is Google Making Us Stupid†, â€Å"media supply the stuff of thought, but they also shape the process of thought† (Carr 2). In other words, Internet is controlling and changing the way we think or consume information and thus, flattering our own intelligence into â€Å"artificial intelligence† (Carr 8). People nowadays are so used to the information provided by the Internet that they do not rely on their own knowledge or think on their own like they used to prior to the advent of Internet. An instance that reflects this idea of self-manipulation is shown in Carr’s own statement, â€Å"Once I was a scuba diver in the sea of words. Now I zip along the surface like a guy on a Jet Ski† (Carr 2). Even though Carr does not go onto to say that he is becoming vacuous, he believes that his mind is changing due to spending so much time on the web over the last several years. Before, he was very much engaged into reading and deep thinking, whereas now he does not have the patience to do so. Skimming seems to be the fast and efficient way to get over it. Carr’s notion demonstrates people’s inability to absorb any lengthy texts because of excessive access to media, indicating to the negative impacts that media have on humans. Although Wallis in â€Å"The Multitasking Generation† implies a similar concept of negative effects of technology on humans as Carr, Wallis follows a different aspect to address the issue. While multitasking allows activities to be done in parallel in an attempt to achieve the possible outcomes more efficiently, it is for the most part, both physically and mentally impossible to do multiple tasks at the same time with accuracy. To add that to a large extent, the way it affects humans is that it deteriorates people’s ability to interact with each other in the society. â€Å"The mental habit of dividing one’s attention into many small slices has significant implications for the way young people learn, reason, socialize†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Wallis 3), indicates multitasking as the factor, which young generations today are not aware of, the fact that they are being transitioned to a darker side of the society. Even the parents confess, â€Å"we don’t get out together to have a social life† (Wallis 3), clearly expressing their feelings towards the changes that are being caused by advanced technology. And while people are shifting to these changes, society is being affected as a whole. As usage of modern technology is prospering, the simplicity and efficiency in life are also rising. However, as people move on, there will be many controversies over the excessive usages of technology in form of media. There will be more concerns on whether the negative effects will override the positive effects sometime in the future. As of now, both Carr and Wallis emphasize on the negative impacts of technology on humans; however, Carr conveys that technology negatively manipulates people’s way of thinking and absorbing information, while Wallis believes that technology reduces people’s ability to focus on certain tasks and interaction with others in the society.